study

Psalms

Written by David and others. The writing was completed c. 460 B.C.E.

Psalms 1

Two ways contrasted
Happiness by reading God’s law (2)
Righteous are like a fruitful tree (3)
Wicked are like chaff blown away (4)

Psalms 2

Jehovah and his anointed
Jehovah laughs at the nations (4)
Jehovah installs his king (6)
Honor the son (12)

Psalms 3

Confidence in God despite danger
‘Why so many adversaries?’ (1)
“Salvation belongs to Jehovah” (8)

Psalms 4

A prayer of trust in God
“Be agitated, but do not sin” (4)
‘I will sleep in peace’ (8)

Psalms 5

Jehovah, the refuge of the righteous
God hates wickedness (4, 5)
‘Lead me in your righteousness’ (8)

Psalms 6

A request for favor
The dead do not praise God (5)
God hears requests for favor (9)

Psalms 7

Jehovah is a righteous Judge
“Judge me, O Jehovah” (8)

Psalms 8

God’s glory and man’s dignity
“How majestic your name is!” (1, 9)
‘Mortal man, of what importance?’ (4)
Man crowned with splendor (5)

Psalms 9

Declaring God’s wonderful works
Jehovah, a secure refuge (9)
To know God’s name is to trust in him (10)

Psalms 10

Jehovah, the helper of the helpless
The wicked boast: “There is no God” (4)
The helpless turn to Jehovah (14)
“Jehovah is King forever” (16)

Psalms 11

Taking refuge in Jehovah
“Jehovah is in his holy temple” (4)
God hates anyone loving violence (5)

Psalms 12

Jehovah rises up to act
God’s sayings are pure (6)

Psalms 13

Longing for Jehovah’s salvation
“How long, O Jehovah?” (1, 2)
Jehovah richly rewards (6)

Psalms 14

The foolish one portrayed
“There is no Jehovah” (1)
“No one is doing good” (3)

Psalms 15

Who may be a guest in Jehovah’s tent?
He speaks the truth in his heart (2)
He does not slander (3)
He keeps promises even when it hurts (4)

Psalms 16

Jehovah, the Source of goodness
“Jehovah is my portion” (5)
‘My thoughts correct me at night’ (7)
‘Jehovah at my right hand’ (8)
“You will not leave me in the Grave” (10)

Psalms 17

A prayer for protection
“You have examined my heart” (3)
“In the shadow of your wings” (8)

Psalms 18

Praising God for salvation
“Jehovah is my crag” (2)
Jehovah, loyal to the loyal ones (25)
God’s way is perfect (30)
“Your humility makes me great” (35)

Psalms 19

God’s creation and law bear witness
‘Heavens declare God’s glory’ (1)
God’s perfect law restores strength (7)
“Sins I am unaware of” (12)

Psalms 20

Salvation for God’s anointed king
Some rely on chariots and horses, ‘but we call on Jehovah’s name’ (7)

Psalms 21

Blessings on the king who trusts in Jehovah
Long life given to the king (4)
God’s enemies will be defeated (8-12)

Psalms 22

From despair to praise
“My God, why have you forsaken me?” (1)
“They cast lots for my clothing” (18)
Praising God in the congregation (22, 25)
The whole earth to worship God (27)

Psalms 23

“Jehovah is my Shepherd”
“I will lack nothing” (1)
“He refreshes me” (3)
“My cup is well-filled” (5)

Psalms 24

The glorious King enters the gates
‘To Jehovah belongs the earth’ (1)

Psalms 25

A prayer for guidance and forgiveness
“Teach me your paths” (4)
“Close friendship with Jehovah” (14)
“Pardon all my sins” (18)

Psalms 26

Walking in integrity
“Examine me, O Jehovah” (2)
Avoiding bad association (4, 5)
‘I will march around God’s altar’ (6)

Psalms 27

Jehovah, the stronghold of my life
Appreciation for God’s temple (4)
Jehovah cares even if parents do not (10)
“Hope in Jehovah” (14)

Psalms 28

The psalmist’s prayer heard
‘Jehovah, my strength and shield’ (7)

Psalms 29

Jehovah’s mighty voice
Worship in holy adornment (2)
“The glorious God thunders” (3)
Jehovah strengthens his people (11)

Psalms 30

Mourning changed into rejoicing
God’s favor is for a lifetime (5)

Psalms 31

Taking refuge in Jehovah
“Into your hand I entrust my spirit” (5)
“Jehovah, the God of truth” (5)
God’s abundant goodness (19)

Psalms 32

Happy are the ones forgiven
“I confessed my sin to you” (5)
God gives you insight (8)

Psalms 33

Praise to the Creator
“Sing to him a new song” (3)
Creation by Jehovah’s word and spirit (6)
Jehovah’s nation happy (12)
Jehovah’s watchful eye (18)

Psalms 34

Jehovah rescues his servants
“Let us exalt his name together” (3)
Jehovah’s angel protects (7)
“Taste and see that Jehovah is good” (8)
‘None of his bones broken’ (20)

Psalms 35

Prayer for deliverance from enemies
Enemies to be driven away (5)
Praising God among the throngs (18)
Hated without cause (19)

Psalms 36

God’s precious loyal love
The wicked one does not fear God (1)
God, the source of life (9)
“By your light we can see light” (9)

Psalms 37

Those trusting in Jehovah will prosper
Do not be upset by evil men (1)
“Find exquisite delight in Jehovah” (4)
“Commit your way to Jehovah” (5)
“The meek will possess the earth” (11)
The righteous will not lack bread (25)
The righteous will live forever on earth (29)

Psalms 38

A prayer of a suffering repentant one
“Distressed and extremely downcast” (6)
Jehovah hears those waiting on him (15)
“I was troubled by my sin” (18)

Psalms 39

Life’s shortness
Man is a mere breath (5, 11)
“Do not ignore my tears” (12)

Psalms 40

Giving thanks to the incomparable God
God’s works too numerous to recount (5)
Sacrifices not God’s primary concern (6)
‘To do your will is my delight’ (8)

Psalms 41

A prayer from the sickbed
God sustains the sick (3)
Betrayed by a close associate (9)

Psalms 42

Praising God as the Grand Savior
Thirsting for God as a deer thirsts for water (1, 2)
“Why am I in despair?” (5, 11)
“Wait for God” (5, 11)

Psalms 43

God as Judge rescues
‘Send out your light and truth’ (3)
“Why am I in despair?” (5)
“Wait for God” (5)

Psalms 44

A prayer for help
“It was you who saved us” (7)
Like “sheep for slaughtering” (22)
“Rise up as our helper!” (26)

Psalms 45

The anointed king’s marriage
Gracious in speech (2)
“God is your throne forever” (6)
The king longs for the bride’s beauty (11)
Sons as princes in all the earth (16)

Psalms 46

“God is our refuge”
God’s astonishing works (8)
God ends wars in all the earth (9)

Psalms 47

God the King over all the earth
‘Jehovah is awe-inspiring’ (2)
Sing praises to God (6, 7)

Psalms 48

Zion, the city of the Grand King
The joy of the whole earth (2)
Inspect the city and its towers (11-13)

Psalms 49

Folly of trusting in riches
No human can redeem another (7, 8)
God redeems from the Grave (15)
Riches cannot save from death (16, 17)

Psalms 50

God judges between the loyal and the wicked
God’s covenant over sacrifice (5)
“God himself is Judge” (6)
All animals belong to God (10, 11)
God exposes wicked ones (16-21)

Psalms 51

A prayer of a repentant one
Sinful from conception (5)
“Purify me from my sin” (7)
“Create in me a pure heart” (10)
A crushed heart pleases God (17)

Psalms 52

Trusting in God’s loyal love
Boasters in badness warned (1-5)
Ungodly ones trust in riches (7)

Psalms 53

The foolish ones portrayed
“There is no Jehovah” (1)
“No one is doing good” (3)

Psalms 54

A prayer for help when among foes
“God is my helper” (4)

Psalms 55

A prayer when betrayed by a friend
Taunted by a close friend (12-14)
“Throw your burden on Jehovah” (22)

Psalms 56

A prayer when persecuted
“In God I put my trust” (4)
“My tears in your skin bottle” (8)
“What can a mere human do to me?” (4, 11)

Psalms 57

A request for favor
Refuge under God’s wings (1)
Enemies fall into their own snare (6)

Psalms 58

There is a God who judges the earth
Prayer to punish the wicked (6-8)

Psalms 59

God, a shield and a refuge
‘Do not show mercy to traitors’ (5)
“I will sing about your strength” (16)

Psalms 60

God subdues the enemies
Salvation by humans worthless (11)
“By God we will gain power” (12)

Psalms 61

God, a strong tower against enemies
“I will be a guest in your tent” (4)

Psalms 62

True salvation comes from God
“I wait silently for God” (1, 5)
‘Pour out your hearts before God’ (8)
Humans a mere breath (9)
Do not trust in wealth (10)

Psalms 63

Longing for God
“Your loyal love is better than life” (3)
“Satisfied with the best” (5)
Meditating on God during the night (6)
‘I cling to God’ (8)

Psalms 64

Protection from concealed attacks
“God will shoot at them” (7)

Psalms 65

God’s care for the earth
“Hearer of prayer” (2)
‘Happy is the one you choose’ (4)
God’s abundant goodness (11)

Psalms 66

God’s awe-inspiring works
‘Come and see God’s works’ (5)
“I will pay my vows to you” (13)
God hears prayer (18-20)

Psalms 67

The ends of the earth will fear God
God’s way to be known (2)
‘Let all the peoples praise God’ (3, 5)
“God will bless us” (6, 7)

Psalms 68

‘Let God’s enemies be scattered’
“A father of the fatherless” (5)
God gives the lonely a home (6)
Women proclaim the good news (11)
Gifts in the form of men (18)
‘Jehovah daily carries our load’ (19)

Psalms 69

A prayer for rescue
“Zeal for your house has consumed me” (9)
“Answer me quickly” (17)
“They gave me vinegar to drink” (21)

Psalms 70

Urgent help requested
“Act quickly in my behalf” (5)

Psalms 71

The confidence of old ones
Trusting in God since youth (5)
“When my strength fails” (9)
‘God has taught me from youth’ (17)

Psalms 72

The peaceful rule of God’s king
“The righteous will flourish” (7)
Subjects from sea to sea (8)
Rescue from violence (14)
An abundance of grain on earth (16)
God’s name is praised forever (19)

Psalms 73

A godly man regains spiritual perspective
“My feet had almost strayed” (2)
“I was troubled all day long” (14)
‘Until I entered God’s sanctuary’ (17)
Wicked ones on slippery ground (18)
Drawing near to God is good (28)

Psalms 74

A prayer that God remember his people
God’s saving acts recalled (12-17)
“Remember the enemy’s taunts” (18)

Psalms 75

God judges with fairness
The wicked to drink Jehovah’s cup (8)

Psalms 76

God’s triumph over Zion’s enemies
God saves the meek (9)
Proud enemies to be humbled (12)

Psalms 77

A prayer in a time of distress
Meditating on God’s works (11, 12)
‘Who is as great as you, O God?’ (13)

Psalms 78

God’s care and Israel’s lack of faith
Tell the future generation (2-8)
“They did not put faith in God” (22)
“The grain of heaven” (24)
“They grieved the Holy One of Israel” (41)
From Egypt to the Promised Land (43-55)
“They kept challenging God” (56)

Psalms 79

A prayer when nations invaded God’s people
‘We are an object of reproach’ (4)
‘Help us for your name’s sake’ (9)
“Repay our neighbors sevenfold” (12)

Psalms 80

Israel’s Shepherd sought for restoration
“O God, restore us” (3)
Israel as God’s vine (8-15)

Psalms 81

An exhortation to obey
Do not worship foreign gods (9)
‘If only you would listen’ (13)

Psalms 82

A call for righteous judgment
God judges among “the gods” (1)
“Defend the lowly” (3)
“You are gods” (6)

Psalms 83

A prayer when facing enemies
“O God, do not be silent” (1)
Enemies like a whirling thistle (13)
God’s name is Jehovah (18)

Psalms 84

Yearning for God’s grand tabernacle
A Levite’s longing to be like a bird (3)
“A day in your courtyards” (10)
“God is a sun and a shield” (11)

Psalms 85

A prayer for restoration
God will speak peace to loyal ones (8)
Loyal love and faithfulness to meet (10)

Psalms 86

No god like Jehovah
Jehovah ready to forgive (5)
All nations to worship Jehovah (9)
‘Instruct me about your way’ (11)
“Unify my heart” (11)

Psalms 87

Zion, the city of the true God
Those born in Zion (4-6)

Psalms 88

A prayer to be kept from death
“My life is on the brink of the Grave” (3)
‘Each morning I pray to you’ (13)

Psalms 89

Singing about Jehovah’s loyal love
A covenant with David (3)
David’s offspring to last forever (4)
God’s anointed calls Him “Father” (26)
Davidic covenant sure (34-37)
Man cannot escape the Grave (48)

Psalms 90

Eternal God and short-lived man
A thousand years as yesterday (4)
Man lives 70-80 years (10)
“Teach us how to count our days” (12)

Psalms 91

Protection in God’s secret place
Rescued from the birdcatcher (3)
Refuge under God’s wings (4)
Safe although thousands fall (7)
Angels commanded to guard (11)

Psalms 92

Jehovah exalted forever
His great works and deep thoughts (5)
‘The righteous will flourish like a tree’ (12)
Elderly will continue to thrive (14)

Psalms 93

Jehovah’s majestic rulership
“Jehovah has become King!” (1)
‘Your reminders are trustworthy’ (5)

Psalms 94

A prayer for vengeance by God
“How long will the wicked continue?” (3)
Jah’s correction brings happiness (12)
God will not forsake his people (14)
“Framing trouble in the name of the law” (20)

Psalms 95

True worship coupled with obedience
“Today if you listen to his voice” (7)
“Do not harden your heart” (8)
“They will not enter into my rest” (11)

Psalms 96

“Sing to Jehovah a new song”
Jehovah, most worthy of praise (4)
Peoples’ gods are worthless (5)
Worship in holy adornment (9)

Psalms 97

Jehovah exalted above other gods
“Jehovah has become King!” (1)
Love Jehovah, hate what is bad (10)
Light for the righteous (11)

Psalms 98

Jehovah, Savior and righteous Judge
Jehovah’s salvation made known (2, 3)

Psalms 99

Jehovah, the holy King
Enthroned above the cherubs (1)
A God who pardons and punishes (8)

Psalms 100

Giving thanks to the Creator
“Serve Jehovah with rejoicing” (2)
‘It is God who made us’ (3)

Psalms 101

A ruler acting with integrity
‘I will not tolerate haughtiness’ (5)
“I will look to the faithful ones” (6)

Psalms 102

A prayer of an oppressed one in despair
“I am like a solitary bird” (7)
‘My days are a fading shadow’ (11)
“Jehovah will rebuild Zion” (16)
Jehovah remains forever (26, 27)

Psalms 103

“Let me praise Jehovah”
God puts our sins far away (12)
God’s fatherly mercy (13)
God remembers that we are dust (14)
Jehovah’s throne and kingship (19)
Angels carry out God’s word (20)

Psalms 104

Praising God for the wonders of creation
Earth to remain forever (5)
Wine and bread for mortal man (15)
“How many your works are!” (24)
‘When spirit is taken away, they die’ (29)

Psalms 105

Jehovah’s faithful acts toward his people
God remembers his covenant (8-10)
“Do not touch my anointed ones” (15)
Enslaved Joseph used by God (17-22)
God’s miracles in Egypt (23-36)
Israel’s Exodus from Egypt (37-39)
God remembers Abrahamic promise (42)

Psalms 106

Israel’s lack of appreciation
They quickly forgot God’s acts (13)
God’s glory exchanged for image of a bull (19, 20)
They had no faith in God’s promise (24)
They joined in worship of Baal (28)
Children sacrificed to demons (37)

Psalms 107

Give thanks to God for his wonderful works
He led them in the right way (7)
He satisfied the thirsty and the hungry (9)
He brought them out of darkness (14)
He sent his word to heal them (20)
He protects the poor from oppression (41)

Psalms 108

A prayer for victory over enemies
Salvation by humans worthless (12)
“By God we will gain power” (13)

Psalms 109

A prayer of a distressed man
‘Let another take his position’ (8)
God stands at a poor man’s side (31)

Psalms 110

A king and priest like Melchizedek
‘Rule in the midst of your enemies’ (2)
Willing young ones like dewdrops (3)

Psalms 111

Praise Jehovah for his great works
God’s name holy and awe-inspiring (9)
Fear of Jehovah is wisdom (10)

Psalms 112

A righteous man fears Jehovah
A generous lender will prosper (5)
“The righteous will be remembered forever” (6)
The generous gives to the poor (9)

Psalms 113

God on high raises the lowly
Jehovah’s name praised forever (2)
God stoops down (6)

Psalms 114

Israel’s deliverance out of Egypt
The sea fled (5)
Mountains skipped like rams (6)
Flinty rock turned into a spring (8)

Psalms 115

Glory to be given to God alone
Lifeless idols (4-8)
The earth given to humans (16)
“The dead do not praise Jah” (17)

Psalms 116

A song of gratitude
“With what will I repay Jehovah?” (12)
“I will take up the cup of salvation” (13)
“I will pay my vows to Jehovah” (14, 18)
Costly is the death of loyal ones (15)

Psalms 117

A call to all nations to praise Jehovah
God’s loyal love is great (2)

Psalms 118

Giving thanks for Jehovah’s victory
‘I called on Jah, and he answered’ (5)
“Jehovah is on my side” (6, 7)
Rejected stone to be the chief cornerstone (22)
‘The one coming in Jehovah’s name’ (26)

Psalms 119

Appreciation for God’s precious word
‘How can youths keep a clean path?’ (9)
“I am fond of your reminders” (24)
“Your word is my hope” (74, 81, 114)
“How I do love your law!” (97)
“More insight than all my teachers” (99)
“Your word is a lamp to my foot” (105)
‘The essence of your word is truth’ (160)
Peace for those who love God’s law (165)

Psalms 120

A foreigner’s longing for peace
‘Rescue me from a deceitful tongue’ (2)
“I am for peace” (7)

Psalms 121

Jehovah guards his people
“My help comes from Jehovah” (2)
Jehovah never sleeps (3, 4)

Psalms 122

A prayer for the peace of Jerusalem
The joy of going to Jehovah’s house (1)
A city joined together as one (3)

Psalms 123

Looking to Jehovah for favor
‘Like servants, we look to Jehovah’ (2)
‘We have had our full share of contempt’ (3)

Psalms 124

“If Jehovah had not been with us”
Escape from the broken trap (7)
‘Jehovah’s name is our help’ (8)

Psalms 125

Jehovah protects his people
“As mountains surround Jerusalem” (2)
“May there be peace upon Israel” (5)

Psalms 126

Zion’s joyful restoration
“Jehovah has done great things” (3)
From weeping to exultation (5, 6)

Psalms 127

Without God, everything in vain
“Unless Jehovah builds the house” (1)
Children, a reward from God (3)

Psalms 128

Happiness in fearing Jehovah
A wife like a fruitful vine (3)
“May you see Jerusalem prosper” (5)

Psalms 129

Attacked but not defeated
Zion’s haters put to shame (5)

Psalms 130

“From the depths I call to you”
‘If you were to watch errors’ (3)
True forgiveness with Jehovah (4)
“I eagerly wait for Jehovah” (6)

Psalms 131

Contented like a weaned child
Not aspiring for things too great (1)

Psalms 132

David and Zion chosen
“Do not reject your anointed one” (10)
Zion’s priests clothed with salvation (16)

Psalms 133

Dwelling together in unity
Like oil on Aaron’s head (2)
Like the dew of Hermon (3)

Psalms 134

Praising God during the nights
“Raise your hands in holiness” (2)

Psalms 135

Praise Jah for his greatness
Signs and miracles against Egypt (8, 9)
“Your name endures forever” (13)
Lifeless idols (15-18)

Psalms 136

Jehovah’s loyal love endures forever
Heaven and earth skillfully made (5, 6)
Pharaoh died in the Red Sea (15)
God remembers the depressed (23)
Food to every living thing (25)

Psalms 137

By the rivers of Babylon
No songs of Zion sung (3, 4)
Babylon to be devastated (8)

Psalms 138

Though exalted, God is caring
‘You answered my prayer’ (3)
‘Even amid danger, you rescue me’ (7)

Psalms 139

God knows his servants well
No escape from God’s spirit (7)
“I am wonderfully made” (14)
‘You saw me as an embryo’ (16)
“Lead me in the way of eternity” (24)

Psalms 140

Jehovah, the strong Savior
Evil men are like serpents (3)
Violent men to fall (11)

Psalms 141

A prayer for protection
“May my prayer be as incense” (2)
The righteous one’s reproof like oil (5)
The wicked fall into their own nets (10)

Psalms 142

A prayer for rescue from persecutors
“There is nowhere I can flee” (4)
‘You are all I have’ (5)

Psalms 143

Thirsting for God like a parched land
‘I ponder over your works’ (5)
“Teach me to do your will” (10)
‘May your good spirit lead me’ (10)

Psalms 144

A prayer for victory
‘What is a mortal man?’ (3)
‘May the enemies be scattered’ (6)
Happy are Jehovah’s people (15)

Psalms 145

Praising God, the great King
‘I will declare God’s greatness’ (6)
“Jehovah is good to all” (9)
“Your loyal ones will praise you” (10)
God’s eternal kingship (13)
God’s hand satisfies all (16)

Psalms 146

Trust in God, not in men
At death, man’s thoughts perish (4)
God raises up those bent down (8)

Psalms 147

Praising God’s loving and powerful works
He heals the brokenhearted (3)
He calls all the stars by name (4)
He sends snow like wool (16)

Psalms 148

All creation to praise Jehovah
“Praise him, all his angels” (2)
‘Praise him, sun, moon, and stars’ (3)
Young and old to praise God (12, 13)

Psalms 149

A song in praise of God’s victory
God takes pleasure in his people (4)
Honor belongs to God’s loyal ones (9)

Psalms 150

Let every breathing thing praise Jah
Hallelujah! (1, 6)